Saul Kripke Kimdir, Hayatı, Kitapları, Hakkında Bilgi

KRIPKE, Saul (1940) ABD’li mantıkçı. Özdeşlik önermelerinin zorunlu olduğu görüşünü savunmuştur.

13 Kasım 1940’ta New York’ta, Bayshore’da doğdu. Harvard Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gördü. 1963’te bu üniversitede öğretim üyesi olarak çalışmaya başladı. 1968’de Rockefeller, 1976’da Prin-ceton üniversitelerinde felsefe profesörü olarak görevlendirildi.

Kripke’nin çalışmaları, genellikle, mantık sorunları üzerinde yoğunlaşır. Ona göre olanaklılık ve zorunluluğun formelleştirilmesine dayanan kipler mantığı Aristoteles Özcülüğü’nün kimi ilkelerinden yararlanma gereğindedir. Kipler mantığının formel bir yorumbilime (semantik) dönüşmesi için çalışan Kripke özel adların, anlam olarak, kimi betimlemeleri gerektirmediği kanısındadır. Analitik ve sentetik önermeler arasındaki ayrım, önsel ve deneysel önermelerle zorunlu ve olumsal önermeler arasındaki ayrımdan başkadır. Deneysel önermeler, her zaman olumsal değildir. Buna karşın önsel önermeler de kimi durumlarda, olumsal olabilir.

Kripke’ye göre her özdeyişlik önermesi, doğru ise, zorunludur. Onun varlıkbilimle ilgili düşüncesine göre, bir nesnenin yapısını oluşturan öğelerle o nesne arasında zorunlu bir bağlantı vardır.


Kitapları

  • 1980. Naming and Necessity. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-59845-8 and reprints 1972.
  • 1982. Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language: an Elementary Exposition. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-95401-7. Sets out his interpretation of Wittgenstein aka Kripkenstein.
  • Toplu Makaleleri, Cilt 1, Oxford Üniversitesi Yayınları’nda yakında yayınlanacak.

Türkçeye Çevrilmiş Yapıtları

  • Anlamlandırma ve Zorunluluk, Litera Yayıncılık, 2005
  • Wittgenstein Kurallar ve Özel Dil, Litera Yayıncılık, 2007
 
Makaleleri
  • 1959. “A Completeness Theorem in Modal Logic”, Journal of Symbolic Logic 24(1):1–14.
  • 1959. “Distinguished Constituents” (abstract), The Journal of Symbolic Logic, 24(4):323.
  • 1959. “Semantical Analysis of Modal Logic” (abstract), The Journal of Symbolic Logic, 24(4):323-324.
  • 1959. “The Problem of Entailment” (abstract), The Journal of Symbolic Logic, 24(4):324.
  • 1962. “‘Flexible’ Predicates of Formal Number Theory,” Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, 13(4):647-650.
  • 1962. “The Undecidability of Monadic Modal Quantification Theory”, Zeitschrift für Mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik 8:113–116
  • 1963. “Semantical Considerations on Modal Logic”, Acta Philosophica Fennica 16:83–94
  • 1963. “Semantical Analysis of Modal Logic I: Normal Modal Propositional Calculi”, Zeitschrift für Mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik 9:67–96
  • 1964. “Transfinite Recursions on Admissible Ordinals, I” (abstract), The Journal of Symbolic Logic, Vol. 29, No. 3, p. 162.
  • 1964. “Transfinite Recursions on Admissible Ordinals, II” (abstract), The Journal of Symbolic Logic, Vol. 29, No. 3, p. 162.
  • 1964. “Admissible Ordinals and the Analytic Hierarchy” (abstract), The Journal of Symbolic Logic, Vol. 29, No. 3, p. 162.
  • 1965. “Semantical Analysis of Intuitionistic Logic I”, In Formal Systems and Recursive Functions, edited by M. Dummett and J. N. Crossley. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Co.
  • 1965. “Semantical Analysis of Modal Logic II: Non-Normal Modal Propositional Calculi”, In The Theory of Models, edited by J. W. Addison, L. Henkin and A. Tarski. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Co.
  • 1967. Research Announcement: “Deduction-preserving ‘Recursive Isomorphisms’ between Theories” (with Marian Boykan Pour-El), Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, 73:145-148.
  • 1967. “An Extension of a Theorem of Gaifman-Hales-Solovay,” Fundamenta Mathematicae, Vol. 61, pp. 29–32.
  • 1967. “Transfinite Recursion, Constructible Sets, and Analogues of Cardinals,” Summaries of Talks Prepared in Connection with the Summer Institute on Axiomatic Set Theory, American Mathematical Society, U.C.L.A., pp. IV-0-1 – IV-0-12.
  • 1967. “On the Application of Boolean-Valued Models to Solutions of Problems in Boolean Algebra,” in Summaries of Talks Prepared in Connection with the Summer Institute on Axiomatic Set Theory, American Mathematical Society, U.C.L.A. (1967), pp. IV-T-1 through IV-T-7.
  • 1967. “Deduction-preserving ‘Recursive Isomorphisms’ between Theories” (with Marian Boykan Pour-El), Fundamenta Mathematicae 61:141-163.
  • 1971. “Identity and Necessity”, In Identity and Individuation, edited by M. K. Munitz. New York: New York University Press.
  • 1972 (1980). “Naming and Necessity”, In Semantics of Natural Language, edited by D. Davidson and G. Harman. Dordrecht; Boston: Reidel. Sets out the causal theory of reference.
  • 1975. “Outline of a Theory of Truth”, Journal of Philosophy 72:690–716. Sets his theory of truth (against Alfred Tarski), where an object language can contain its own truth predicate.
  • 1976. “Is There a Problem about Substitutional Quantification?”, In Truth and Meaning: Essays in Semantics, edited by Gareth Evans and John McDowell. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • 1976. “A Theory of Truth I. Preliminary Report,” abstract, Journal of Symbolic Logic, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 556.
  • 1976. “A Theory of Truth II. Preliminary Report,” abstract, Journal of Symbolic Logic, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 556–557.
  • 1977. “Speaker’s Reference and Semantic Reference”, Midwest Studies in Philosophy 2:255–276.
  • 1979. “A Puzzle about Belief”, In Meaning and Use, edited by A. Margalit. Dordrecht and Boston: Reidel.
  • 1982. “Nonstandard Models of Peano Arithmetic” (with S. Kochen), in Logic and Algorithmics: International Symposium Held in Honor of Ernst Specker, H. Lauchli (ed.), University of Geneva: 277-295.
  • 1986. “A Problem in the Theory of Reference: the Linguistic Division of Labor and the Social Character of Naming,” Philosophy and Culture (Proceedings of the XVIIth World Congress of Philosophy), Montreal, Editions Montmorency: 241-247.
  • 1992. “Summary: Individual Concepts: Their Logic, Philosophy, and Some of Their Uses.” Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association 66: 70-73
  • 2005. “Russell’s Notion of Scope”, Mind 114:1005–1037
  • 2008. “Frege’s Theory of Sense and Reference: Some Exegetical Notes,” Theoria 74:181-218
  • 2009. “Presupposition and Anaphora: Remarks on the formulation of the projection problem,” Linguistic Inquiry 40(3):367-386.
  • 2009. “The Collapse of the Hilbert Program,” (Abstract) Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 15(2):229-231.
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